![]() British Dover Ford Diesel Engine Parts, Repair, Rebuilding, Remanufacturing, British Dover Ford Engine Service, Lehman Ford Marine Diesel Repair, Diesel Parts, Diesel. Ford Transit Common Problems Solutions Hints and TipsFord Transit Common Problems Solutions Hints and Tips - United Kingdom | BBA Reman. Advice on diagnostic-test & general auto-electrical repair equipment Page updated 01-08-17. email [email protected]. site index A-Z. Fault code reading can be. Compare costs, read reviews, and get the best deals on aftermarket or replacement Fuel Injector O-Ring. Free Shipping on all qualified orders! All the Volkswagen car parts and accessories online at Auto Parts Warehouse. Get up to 70% off on retail VW prices! Free Shipping when you order over $50. Fuel injection - Wikipedia. Fuel rail connected to the injectors that are mounted just above the intake manifold on a four- cylinder engine. Fuel injection is the introduction of fuel in an internal combustion engine, most commonly automotive engines, by the means of an injector. All diesel engines use fuel injection by design. Petrol engines can use gasoline direct injection, where the fuel is directly delivered into the combustion chamber, or indirect injection where the fuel is mixed with air before the intake stroke. On petrol engines, fuel injection replaced carburetors from the 1. The primary difference between carburetors and fuel injection is that fuel injection atomizes the fuel through a small nozzle under high pressure, while a carburetor relies on suction created by intake air accelerated through a Venturi tube to draw the fuel into the airstream. Objectives. The functional objectives for fuel injection systems can vary. All share the central task of supplying fuel to the combustion process, but it is a design decision how a particular system is optimized. There are several competing objectives such as: Modern digital electronic fuel injection systems optimize these competing objectives more effectively and consistently than earlier fuel delivery systems (such as carburetors). Carburetors have the potential to atomize fuel better (see Pogue and Allen Caggiano patents).[dubious– discuss]Benefits. Benefits of fuel injection include smoother and more consistent transient throttle response, such as during quick throttle transitions, easier cold starting, more accurate adjustment to account for extremes of ambient temperatures and changes in air pressure, more stable idling, decreased maintenance needs, and better fuel efficiency. Fuel injection also dispenses with the need for a separate mechanical choke, which on carburetor- equipped vehicles must be adjusted as the engine warms up to normal temperature. Furthermore, on spark ignition engines, (direct) fuel injection has the advantage of being able to facilitate stratified combustion which have not been possible with carburetors. It is only with the advent of multi- point fuel injection certain engine configurations such as inline five cylinder gasoline engines have become more feasible for mass production, as traditional carburetor arrangement with single or twin carburetors could not provide even fuel distribution between cylinders, unless a more complicated individual carburetor per cylinder is used. Fuel injection systems are also able to operate normally regardless of orientation, whereas carburetors with floats are not able to operate upside down or in microgravity, such as encountered on airplanes. Environmental benefits. Fuel injection generally increases engine fuel efficiency. With the improved cylinder- to- cylinder fuel distribution of multi- point fuel injection, less fuel is needed for the same power output (when cylinder- to- cylinder distribution varies significantly, some cylinders receive excess fuel as a side effect of ensuring that all cylinders receive sufficient fuel). Exhaust emissions are cleaner because the more precise and accurate fuel metering reduces the concentration of toxic combustion byproducts leaving the engine. Abbreviations: AMM Air Mass Meter ECT Engine Coolant Temperature sensor ECU Engine Control Unit computer (either fuel injection or ignition). The more consistent and predictable composition of the exhaust makes emissions control devices such as catalytic converters more effective and easier to design. History and development. Herbert Akroyd Stuart developed the first device with a design similar to modern fuel injection[citation needed], using a 'jerk pump' to meter out fuel oil at high pressure to an injector. This system was used on the hot- bulb engine and was adapted and improved by Bosch and Clessie Cummins for use on diesel engines (Rudolf Diesel's original system employed a cumbersome 'air- blast' system using highly compressed air[citation needed]). Fuel injection was in widespread commercial use in diesel engines by the mid- 1. An early use of indirect gasoline injection dates back to 1. ![]() French aviation engineer Leon Levavasseur installed it on his pioneering Antoinette 8. V aircraft powerplant, the first V8 engine of any type ever produced in any quantity.[2]Another early use of gasoline direct injection was on the Hesselman engine invented by Swedish engineer. Jonas Hesselman in 1. Hesselman engines use the ultra lean- burn principle; fuel is injected toward the end of the compression stroke, then ignited with a spark plug. They are often started on gasoline and then switched to diesel or kerosene.[5]Direct fuel injection was used in notable World War II aero- engines such as the Junkers Jumo 2. Daimler- Benz DB 6. BMW 8. 01, the Shvetsov ASh- 8. FN (M- 8. 2FN). German direct injection petrol engines used injection systems developed by Bosch from their diesel injection systems. Later versions of the Rolls- Royce Merlin and Wright R- 3. Pressure Carburettor". Due to the wartime relationship between Germany and Japan, Mitsubishi also had two radial aircraft engines utilizing fuel injection, the Mitsubishi Kinsei (kinsei means "venus") and the Mitsubishi Kasei (kasei means "mars"). Alfa Romeo tested one of the first electronic injection systems (Caproni- Fuscaldo) in Alfa Romeo 6. C 2. 50. 0 with "Ala spessa" body in 1. Mille Miglia. The engine had six electrically operated injectors and were fed by a semi- high- pressure circulating fuel pump system.[6]Development in diesel engines. All diesel engines (with the exception of some tractors and scale model engines) have fuel injected into the combustion chamber. See Diesel engine. Development in gasoline/petrol engines. Mechanical injection. An Antoinette mechanically fuel- injected V8 aviation engine of 1. Antoinette VII monoplane aircraft. The invention of mechanical injection for gasoline- fueled aviation engines was by the French inventor of the V8 engine configuration, Leon Levavasseur in 1. Levavasseur designed the original Antoinette firm's series of V- form aircraft engines, starting with the Antoinette 8. V to be used by the aircraft the Antoinette firm built that Levavasseur also designed, flown from 1. V1. 6 engine, using Levavasseur's direct injection and producing around 1. W; 1. 01 PS) flying an Antoinette VII monoplane in 1. The first post- World War I example of direct gasoline injection was on the Hesselman engine invented by Swedish engineer. Jonas Hesselman in 1. Hesselman engines used the ultra- lean- burn principle and injected the fuel in the end of the compression stroke and then ignited it with a spark plug, it was often started on gasoline and then switched over to run on diesel or kerosene. The Hesselman engine was a low compression design constructed to run on heavy fuel oils. Direct gasoline injection was applied during the Second World War to almost all higher- output production aircraft powerplants made in Germany (the widely used BMW 8. V1. 2 Daimler- Benz DB 6. DB 6. 03, and DB 6. Junkers Jumo 2. 10. G, Jumo 2. 11, and Jumo 2. Jumo 2. 10. G and DB 6. Soviet Union (Shvetsov ASh- 8. FN radial, 1. 94. Chemical Automatics Design Bureau - KB Khimavtomatika) and the USA (Wright R- 3. Duplex Cyclone radial, 1. Immediately following the war, hot rodder. Stuart Hilborn started to offer mechanical injection for race cars, salt cars, and midget racers,[9] well- known and easily distinguishable because of their prominent velocity stacks projecting upwards from the engines on which they were used. The first automotive direct injection system used to run on gasoline was developed by Bosch, and was introduced by Goliath for their Goliath GP7. Gutbrod in 1. 95. This was basically a high- pressure diesel direct- injection pump with an intake throttle valve. Diesels only change the amount of fuel injected to vary output; there is no throttle.) This system used a normal gasoline fuel pump, to provide fuel to a mechanically driven injection pump, which had separate plungers per injector to deliver a very high injection pressure directly into the combustion chamber.
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